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Neurology India 2022
Review
Topics: Humans; Bone Neoplasms; Lateral Ventricles; Sarcoma; Sarcoma, Ewing
PubMed: 36352651
DOI: 10.4103/0028-3886.359248 -
Journal of Visualized Experiments : JoVE Feb 2013Neural stem cells (NSCs) line the postnatal lateral ventricles and give rise to multiple cell types which include neurons, astrocytes, and ependymal cells. Understanding...
Neural stem cells (NSCs) line the postnatal lateral ventricles and give rise to multiple cell types which include neurons, astrocytes, and ependymal cells. Understanding the molecular pathways responsible for NSC self-renewal, commitment, and differentiation is critical for harnessing their unique potential to repair the brain and better understand central nervous system disorders. Previous methods for the manipulation of mammalian systems required the time consuming and expensive endeavor of genetic engineering at the whole animal level. Thus, the vast majority of studies have explored the functions of NSC molecules in vitro or in invertebrates. Here, we demonstrate the simple and rapid technique to manipulate neonatal NPCs that is referred to as neonatal subventricular zone (SVZ) electroporation. Similar techniques were developed a decade ago to study embryonic NSCs and have aided studies on cortical development. More recently this was applied to study the postnatal rodent forebrain. This technique results in robust labeling of SVZ NSCs and their progeny. Thus, postnatal SVZ electroporation provides a cost and time effective alternative for mammalian NSC genetic engineering.
Topics: Animals; Electroporation; Lateral Ventricles; Mice; Neural Stem Cells
PubMed: 23426329
DOI: 10.3791/50197 -
Medicine Jul 2020Papillary meningioma is an extremely rare malignant lesion with high degree of invasiveness, high recurrence rate, and perivascular pseudopapillary structure. The... (Review)
Review
INTRODUCTION
Papillary meningioma is an extremely rare malignant lesion with high degree of invasiveness, high recurrence rate, and perivascular pseudopapillary structure. The incidence of cystic degeneration in papillary meningiomas is relatively low, and cystic papillary meningiomas growing in the ventricle are even rarer. Here, we present a case of cystic meningioma and review the literature to propose the diagnosis, treatment, immunohistochemical features, and prognosis of the same.
PATIENT CONCERNS
In July 2013, a 35-year-old male Chinese patient presented with dizziness that lasted for a week, without relief. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed a 2.0 cm × 1.5 cm × 3.0 cm-sized mass located in the left lateral ventricle trigone. The tumor was small and likely non-malignant. Therefore, the patient received conservative treatment and regular follow-ups. In June 2017, the patient experienced sudden severe headache, dizziness, and vomiting.
DIAGNOSIS AND INTERVENTION
MRI revealed that the mass in the left lateral ventricle trigone had increased to 5.0 cm × 7.0 cm × 8.0 cm over 4 years. The patient underwent surgical resection via the left parietal-occipital approach. Two months postoperatively, the patient received 60 Gy local radiotherapy. The postoperative histopathology suggested that the mass was a cystic papillary meningioma.
OUTCOMES
Two years after the operation, the patient was asymptomatic, and no recurrence of the lesion was noted on MRI.
CONCLUSION
The diagnosis of intraventricular cystic papillary meningioma depends mainly on its histology and imaging features. Total resection and adjuvant radiotherapy can result in a relatively good prognosis of patients with intraventricular cystic papillary meningiomas.
Topics: Adult; Humans; Lateral Ventricles; Male; Meningeal Neoplasms; Meningioma; Neoplasms, Cystic, Mucinous, and Serous
PubMed: 32756190
DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000021514 -
NeuroImage. Clinical 2017Recent neuroimaging findings have highlighted the impact of premature birth on subcortical development and morphological changes in the deep grey nuclei and ventricular...
Recent neuroimaging findings have highlighted the impact of premature birth on subcortical development and morphological changes in the deep grey nuclei and ventricular system. To help characterize subcortical microstructural changes in preterm neonates, we recently implemented a multivariate tensor-based method (mTBM). This method allows to precisely measure local surface deformation of brain structures in infants. Here, we investigated ventricular abnormalities and their spatial relationships with surrounding subcortical structures in preterm neonates. We performed regional group comparisons on the surface morphometry and relative position of the lateral ventricles between 19 full-term and 17 preterm born neonates at term-equivalent age. Furthermore, a relative pose analysis was used to detect individual differences in translation, rotation, and scale of a given brain structure with respect to an average. Our mTBM results revealed broad areas of alterations on the frontal horn and body of the left ventricle, and narrower areas of differences on the temporal horn of the right ventricle. A significant shift in the rotation of the left ventricle was also found in preterm neonates. Furthermore, we located significant correlations between morphology and pose parameters of the lateral ventricles and that of the putamen and thalamus. These results show that regional abnormalities on the surface and pose of the ventricles are also associated with alterations on the putamen and thalamus. The complementarity of the information provided by the surface and pose analysis may help to identify abnormal white and grey matter growth, hinting toward a pattern of neural and cellular dysmaturation.
Topics: Female; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Premature; Lateral Ventricles; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Prospective Studies; Putamen; Thalamus
PubMed: 28649491
DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2017.05.025 -
Scientific Reports Dec 2019Understanding the sequence of events from undifferentiated stem cells to neuron is not only important for the basic knowledge of stem cell biology, but also for...
Understanding the sequence of events from undifferentiated stem cells to neuron is not only important for the basic knowledge of stem cell biology, but also for therapeutic applications. In this study we examined the sequence of biological events during neural differentiation of human periodontal ligament stem cells (hPDLSCs). Here, we show that hPDLSCs-derived neural-like cells display a sequence of morphologic development highly similar to those reported before in primary neuronal cultures derived from rodent brains. We observed that cell proliferation is not present through neurogenesis from hPDLSCs. Futhermore, we may have discovered micronuclei movement and transient cell nuclei lobulation coincident to in vitro neurogenesis. Morphological analysis also reveals that neurogenic niches in the adult mouse brain contain cells with nuclear shapes highly similar to those observed during in vitro neurogenesis from hPDLSCs. Our results provide additional evidence that it is possible to differentiate hPDLSCs to neuron-like cells and suggest the possibility that the sequence of events from stem cell to neuron does not necessarily requires cell division from stem cell.
Topics: Animals; Cell Differentiation; Cell Nucleus; Cell Proliferation; Dentate Gyrus; Humans; Lateral Ventricles; Mice; Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; Neurogenesis; Neurons; Periodontal Ligament; Primary Cell Culture; Spheroids, Cellular; Stem Cell Niche; Stem Cells
PubMed: 31792338
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-54745-3 -
Aging Oct 2015
Topics: Animals; Brain Neoplasms; Glioblastoma; Humans; Lateral Ventricles
PubMed: 26527608
DOI: 10.18632/aging.100823 -
Neurology India 2023Endoscopic surgery has emerged in recent years as an alternative to conventional microsurgical approaches for removal of intraventricular tumors. Endoports have enhanced... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Endoscopic surgery has emerged in recent years as an alternative to conventional microsurgical approaches for removal of intraventricular tumors. Endoports have enhanced tumor access and visualization with a significant reduction in brain retraction.
OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the safety and efficacy of endoport-assisted endoscopic technique for the removal of tumors from the lateral ventricle.
METHODS
The surgical technique, complications, and postoperative clinical outcomes were analyzed with a review of the literature.
RESULTS
Tumors were primarily located in one lateral ventricular cavity in all 26 patients, and extension to the foramen Monro and the anterior third ventricle was observed in seven and five patients, respectively. Except for three patients with small colloid cysts, all other tumors were larger than 2.5 cm. A gross total resection was performed in 18 (69%), subtotal in five (19%), and partial removal in three (11.5%) patients. Transient postoperative complications were observed in eight patients. Two patients required postoperative CSF shunting for symptomatic hydrocephalus. All patients improved on KPS scoring at a mean follow-up of 4.6 months.
CONCLUSIONS
Endoport-assisted endoscopic technique is a safe, simple, and minimally invasive method to remove intraventricular tumors. Excellent outcomes comparable to other surgical approaches can be achieved with acceptable complications.
Topics: Humans; Cerebral Ventricle Neoplasms; Lateral Ventricles; Neuroendoscopy
PubMed: 36861581
DOI: 10.4103/0028-3886.370438 -
Neurosurgical Review Oct 2010The aim of this study is to review the results and clinical outcome of patients with surgically treated lesions within the trigone of the lateral ventricle. This is a...
The aim of this study is to review the results and clinical outcome of patients with surgically treated lesions within the trigone of the lateral ventricle. This is a retrospective case series of 20 (eight male, 12 female) patients with lesions of the trigone of the lateral ventricle operated between 1998 and 2008. All lesions were removed via the transcortical temporal and transcortical parietal route. Surgical complications and outcome were assessed using the modified Rankin Scale (mRS). There were four children and 16 adults with a mean age of 42 ± 22 years (min = 1, max = 74). Eight (40%) lesions grew within the trigone of the dominant hemisphere. In 17 cases, the lesion was purely intraventricular, and in three cases, a slight paraventricular extension was seen. The mean size was 4.5 cm of maximal diameter. Surgical removal was achieved via the transcortical parietal route in 13 cases (65%) and the transcortical temporal route in seven cases (35%). In all cases, complete resection was possible. According to the mRS, 13 patients improved, five remained the same, and two were lost to follow-up. One patient had an increased visual field deficit postoperatively and new hemiparesis and aphasia, but returned to the preoperative level within a few weeks. In one patient, an acute myocardial infarction occurred due to previous cardiac stent placement and in-stent stenosis. Even large trigonal lesions can be resected with low morbidity using a transcortical approach depending on the peritrigonal extension of the tumor.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Cerebral Cortex; Cerebral Ventricle Neoplasms; Child; Disability Evaluation; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Infant; Lateral Ventricles; Length of Stay; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Microsurgery; Middle Aged; Nervous System Diseases; Neurologic Examination; Neurosurgical Procedures; Parietal Lobe; Postoperative Complications; Retrospective Studies; Temporal Lobe; Tomography, X-Ray Computed; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 20567871
DOI: 10.1007/s10143-010-0271-8 -
International Journal of Molecular... Aug 2022The subventricular zone (SVZ) in lateral ventricles is the largest neurogenic region in adult brain containing high amounts of copper (Cu). This study aims to define the...
The subventricular zone (SVZ) in lateral ventricles is the largest neurogenic region in adult brain containing high amounts of copper (Cu). This study aims to define the role of Cu in adult neurogenesis by chelating labile Cu ions using a well-established Cu chelator D-Penicillamine (D-Pen). A neurosphere model derived from adult mouse SVZ tissues was established and characterized for its functionality with regards to neural stem/progenitor cells (NSPCs). Applying D-Pen in cultured neurospheres significantly reduced intracellular Cu levels and reversed the Cu-induced suppression of NSPC’s differentiation and migration. An in vivo intracerebroventricular (ICV) infusion model was subsequently established to infuse D-Pen directly into the lateral ventricle. Metal analyses revealed a selective reduction of Cu in SVZ by 13.1% (p = 0.19) and 21.4% (p < 0.05) following D-Pen infusions at low (0.075 μg/h) and high (0.75 μg/h) doses for 28 days, respectively, compared to saline-infused controls. Immunohistochemical studies revealed that the 7-day, low-dose D-Pen infusion significantly increased Ki67(+)/Nestin(+) cell counts in SVZ by 28% (p < 0.05). Quantification of BrdU(+)/doublecortin (DCX)(+) newborn neuroblasts in the rostral migration stream (RMS) and olfactory bulb (OB) further revealed that the short-term, low-dose D-Pen infusion, as compared with saline-infused controls, resulted in more newborn neuroblasts in OB, while the high-dose D-Pen infusion showed fewer newborn neuroblasts in OB but with more arrested in the RMS. Long-term (28-day) infusion revealed similar outcomes. The qPCR data from neurosphere experiments revealed altered expressions of mRNAs encoding key proteins known to regulate SVZ adult neurogenesis, including, but not limited to, Shh, Dlx2, and Slit1, in response to the changed Cu level in neurospheres. Further immunohistochemical data indicated that Cu chelation also altered the expression of high-affinity copper uptake protein 1 (CTR1) and metallothionein-3 (MT3) in the SVZ as well as CTR1 in the choroid plexus, a tissue regulating brain Cu homeostasis. Taken together, this study provides first-hand evidence that a high Cu level in SVZ appears likely to maintain the stability of adult neurogenesis in this neurogenic zone.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Cell Movement; Cell Proliferation; Copper; Lateral Ventricles; Mice; Neurogenesis; Olfactory Bulb
PubMed: 36077284
DOI: 10.3390/ijms23179888 -
Lateral ventricle pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma concurrent with Dandy-Walker complex: A case report.Medicine Sep 2022Dandy-Walker complex and pleomorphic xanthoastrocytomas are both rare disease entities that typically manifest early in life and are associated with congenital...
INTRODUCTION
Dandy-Walker complex and pleomorphic xanthoastrocytomas are both rare disease entities that typically manifest early in life and are associated with congenital etiological factors. Dandy-Walker complex is a cerebellar malformation associated with a series of anatomical changes. The disease onset is usually at birth or during infancy. Late onset in adulthood is uncommon. Pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma is a rare WHO grade II astrocytic tumor affecting mainly young adults. Concomitant occurrence of Dandy-Walker complex and pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma has not been previously reported.
PATIENT CONCERNS AND DIAGNOSIS
A 30-year-old woman with a previous history of unconfirmed resected lateral ventricle meningioma presented with severe headache for 1 day. Imaging examination revealed a mass in the right lateral ventricle with heterogeneous signal patterns, changes in the posterior fossa corresponding to a Dandy-Walker variant, and mild hydrocephalus.
INTERVENTIONS AND OUTCOMES
Surgical complete resection of the mass was achieved. postoperative histopathological examination confirmed WHO grade II pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma. Three years postsurgery, ventriculoperitoneal shunt was performed due to worsening of hydrocephalus. The patient has since remained symptom-free.
CONCLUSION
This is the first report of concomitant occurrence of Dandy-Walker complex and pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma. The association of neurological congenital malformation with intracranial neoplasms may be multifactorial, with underlying role of genetic mutations or chromosome alterations.
Topics: Adult; Astrocytoma; Dandy-Walker Syndrome; Female; Humans; Hydrocephalus; Infant, Newborn; Lateral Ventricles; Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt
PubMed: 36086683
DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000030492